TETSUYA TANIOKA- TRETON THEORY OF TRANSACTIONAL RELATIONSHIP IN NURSING
TETSUYA TANIOKA
ABOUT
THE THEORIST
Tetsuya Tanioka is a
professor at the department of nursing outcome management, university of
Tokushima, Japan. Professor Tanioka has found his passion for nursing research
focused on studying human technologies, integrating science and technology
within the perspective of nursing caring science. He continues to contribute
immensely towards the clarification of technological competency as caring in
nursing, and creating high quality care processes within varying technological
environments.
QUALIFICATIONS:
2002 Ph.D., graduate school
of engineering, Kochi University of Technology, Japan
1999 M.A., Graduate school
of Social Welfare, Shikoku Gakuin University, Japan
1998 R.N., Kochi prefectural
Nursing School, Japan.
1997 B.ED., School of
Education, Meisei University, Japan.
METAPARADIGM
OF THE THEORY
Nursing: this is related to the art and
science of nursing; it consists of nursing
actions or nursing interventions. This concept includes the nurse
applying professional knowledge, procedural and technical skills, and indirect
and direct patient care.
Person: nurses provide nursing care to Persons.
The Person is the one receiving
the nursing care. But importantly, Person is defined according
to the recipient of nursing care and may include the patient’s
family and friends and the community. The nurse needs to consider how the
patient defines family when planning care.
Health: the
concept of health is relative to the person and is defined according to the patient’s perspective. It refers
to the patient’s level of wellness (i.e., the health/wellness-illness
continuum) in all its many aspects: physical, psychological, mental,
intellectual, emotional, and spiritual. The ability to access healthcare
and resources to support health and wellness is included.
Environment: we think of the environment as something external
to us as a setting or place; a person’s environment is also internal. The environment consists of internal, external, and social factors that
impact a patient’s health (including genetics, immune function,
culture, interpersonal relationships, economics, mental state, geographic location,
education level, politics, ecology, social status, job or career level, etc.)
MODEL
OF THE THEORY
This
theory is a practical process of relationship advanced as the transactive
engagement between human persons (patients) and caring or HNRs as intelligent
machines. As such, the theory illustrates a unique and emerging practice of
nursing. The realization of human and intelligent machine transactions in human
health care has been the impetus for the development of the Transactive
Relationship Theory of Nursing. As the
demands and needs for quality health care rise, particularly in environments
poor in human resources and among the older adult population, the use of
human-machine process requirements is intensified, and the realities and
consequences of transactive relationships have become integral to assuring
quality human health care.
“Transactive”
is a term that focuses on the transactional nature of things. As an active
process, it illuminates the main feature of the relationship between
human-to-human and human-to-intelligent machines which is that it is always a
transaction. The term delineates as well as illuminates the relationship
between HNRs and human persons (patients). The TRETON is a theoretical
transactive engagement, and as such, the process of nursing is an ‘active’
engagement between the nurse and person being nursed.
Some
of the concerns, demands, and needs which have influenced the development of
this theory include:
• The functionality
of HNRs as a requirement for assisting in human caring.
• The possibility
that patients, especially older adults and those with dementia can gain
well-being from dialogues and conversations with HNRs.
• The need for
theories guiding nursing practice with HNRs.
• Accordingly, the
following questions are posited:
• If HNRs are
developed and introduced into healthcare facilities for older adults, should
not the ethical issue of robotic practice engagements be prioritized and fully
discussed and addressed for realizable solutions?
• What
functionalities may be required of HNRs to engage in a compassionate, nurturing
relationship within the demands of robot performance?
• Should nurses and
other key health care personnel still provide the required health care tasks
and practices considering human to human relationships, and between humans and
HNRs?
ASSUMPTIONS
OF THE THEORY
• Nursing is a relationship between / among human
beings(human persons) and intelligent machines (HNRs)
• Nurses use technologies of care for practice
• Intelligent machines possess AI that can mimic human Interactions
• Human-to-intelligent machine relationships are technology Dependent
• Transactive relationships are guided by ethics in nursing.
Researches the theory has
been used:
The journal is about Healthcare
for older adults with dementia which is an important healthcare problem in
Japan and in other developed countries. Importantly, healthcare workers in
Japan are also getting older. In order to address solutions to this problem,
using robots is being realized and is starting to assist healthcare and welfare
practice needs.
Aim: this study was to identify
the characteristics of a transactive phenomenon in relationships among older
adults with dementia, with nurses as intermediaries and with a cognitive
skill-aid robot.
In summary: The researchers suggest that
when developing future communication robot for elderly with dementia, it is
necessary to consider, for an effective conversation, transactive relationships
including nurses as intermediaries. The role functions of these intermediaries
have been shown of high versatility, indicating that situations such as these
can also be controlled by other healthcare providers such as by occupational
therapists.
ARTICLE 2#
Recommended Design and Direction of Development for Humanoid Nursing Robots
Perspective from Nursing Researcher.
Aim: to
introduce robots technology in nursing practice, to us3e them in the care of
the elderly and high-tech healthcare environment.
The article recommends
nursing robots involving the different types of humanoid nursing robots which include
autonomic robots, healthcare robots and humanoid nursing robots.
Conclusion:
human caring has always been based on a human to human relationship, however in
a non human to human relationship in the case of HNRs, it is essential to
consider what is required of them in the aspect of ethical concerns and human
safety. HNRs are required to have the same level of comprehensive judgement
abilities and responsiveness in the support of patient directly as that of
human nurses and care staff does in their everyday life for effective care.
When various nursing robots
become common practice in institution settings they will have a major impact on
nursing work, the nursing profession, and health care in general. Nursing
robots will redefine ideas about nurses in general as well as ideas about
nursing attributes and conceptual framework of comforts and safety in
particular.
GROUP MEMBERS:
Anthony Blessing
Olagundoye Olagundoye
Somadina Maryann
GROUP MEMBERS:
Anthony Blessing
Olagundoye Olagundoye
Somadina Maryann
REFERENCES
Masters, K. (2015). Nursing theories: A framework for
professional practice (2nd
ed.). Burlington, MA:
Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Everyone, thank you for uploading my theory.
ReplyDeleteTETSUYA TANIOKA- TRETON THEORY OF TRANSACTIONAL RELATIONSHIP IN NURSING
This title is not correct.
“Transactive” is a term that focuses on the transactional nature of things.
Transactive Relationship Theory of Nursing (TRETON): A Nursing Engagement Model for Persons and Humanoid Nursing Robots is correct.
Also, you can read following book.
Tetsuya Tanioka, Yuko Yasuhara, Kyoko Osaka, Hirokazu Ito, Rozzano C.Locsin eds: NURSING ROBOTS―Robotic Technology and Human Caring for the Elderly
https://www.amazon.co.jp/NURSING-ROBOTS%E2%80%95Robotic-Technology-Caring-Elderly/dp/4861866898
Again, thank you very much.
By Dr. Tanioka